Which of the following best describes "proper watch" in navigation?

The best description of "proper watch" in navigation is continuously observing surroundings for potential dangers. Proper watchkeeping is essential for ensuring the safety of a vessel and its crew. This involves maintaining a vigilant watch to detect any hazards that may include other vessels, navigational hazards, weather changes, and any other factors that could threaten the safe operation of the ship.

The act of continuously observing surroundings aligns with the principles of navigation safety, ensuring that any potential dangers are identified early enough to take appropriate action. It encompasses not just looking out for other ships but also being aware of the environment, such as visibility conditions and sea state.

While having sufficient crew onboard, listening to radio communications, and using radar for detection are all important aspects of watchkeeping, they do not fully capture the essence of "proper watch." These elements support effective watchkeeping but are part of a broader set of practices that include maintaining constant observation. Continuous vigilance is paramount in navigating safely and effectively monitoring a vessel's course and surroundings.